Heating and cooling of buildings



R. G. CRITTALL ET AL HEATING AND COOLING OF BUILDINGS Filed Sept. '20, 1923 April '26, 1927. ,987

Patented Apr. 26, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT orrics.

RICHARD GODFREY CRITTALL ANIl JOSEPH LESLIE MUSGRAVE, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

HEATING AND- OOOLING OF BUIIrD'lllGrSo Application filed September 20, 1823, Serial No. 663,863, and in Great Britain November 10, 19%.

This invention relates to the system of heating or cooling buildings by radiation from the walls, floors or ceilings.

According to this invention we embed in the plaster of the wall or ceiling or in the concrete forming the floor of a room or building a series of pipes formed somewhat like a grid-that iseach pipe communicates at. either end with a header-into which grid W water is'introduced means being provided for this purpose and for the discharge of same. Passing into or through one or more of the pipes, which is preferably of larger diameter than the others, or into or through the header of this grid is another pipe through which latter pipe steam, hot water or other heated fluid or gas is circulated. Or if for cooling a cold fluid or gas is circulated through this pipe. Or instead of 29 circulating a heating fluid through this pipe an electrically heated element may be introduced into one or more of the pipes orinto the header.

The heated fluid heats the pipe throu h which it passhs and the heat given off fiy this pipe or the heat from the electrically heated element heats the water in the grid causing such water to circulate in such grid, consequently the whole of the grid becomes uniformly heat-ed, and as the grid is embedded in the plaster of the wall or in concrete such heat'radiates from the surface of said wall into the room or building. Provision is made in the headers or in one or more of the pipes to allow for increase in the volume of Water as it becomes heated in said grid.

The invention is illustrated on the accompanying drawing.

-Fig. 1 is a lorohen view of a portion of the Wall or structure showing how the water contained in the grid is heated and caused to circulate hy the circulation cf the heated fluid in a pipe passing through said grid. is Fig. 2 is a hrohen sectional side elevation of a portion of a wall from the surface of which the heat radiates.

Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 1 showing how the water contained in the grid. is heated and caused to circulate by an electrically 6o heated clement. 7

it represents the wall or structure, B the grid or pipes into which the water to be l 2 we have shown how the water contained in the grid 13 is heated and kept in circulation by the 'heatgiven off from a heated fluid circulating through the pipe D. This pipe at D passes'through the p pe 5 of the grid, which is preferably larger than the other pipes tormingkthe grid, the heated fluid or gas"which circulates through this pipe D being derived from any convenient source. 70.

At' Fig. 3 we have shown an electrically heated element 6'' for heating and maintaining the circulation otthe water in the grid B. This electrical element. e is enclosed in the tube E which is introduced into the pipe 5' ol the grid. i

hat we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is A heat exchange device comprising a hollow liquid h olding grid adapted especially to be embedded in a concrete wall and having a plurality of vertical portions and upper and lower horizontal headers corinected to the ends of said vertical portions, and means for changing the temperature of S5 and-causing the circulation of liquid said grid including a pipe extending vertically through one of said vertical portions and adapted to contain a medium of a differenttcmperature than the liquid in grid in testimony wl'icreoli we have signed our names to this specification.

RICHARD GQDFREY 'Clil fl 'lLL. 

